Online platforms refer to digital spaces where users can engage in various activities, such as social networking, e-commerce, content creation, and communication. These platforms are typically accessed through the internet and can take the form of websites, apps, or online marketplaces. Online platforms have become increasingly popular in recent years, as they provide a convenient and accessible way for people to connect with others, share information, and conduct business online. Some well-known examples of online platforms include social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, e-commerce platforms like Amazon and eBay, and content-sharing platforms like YouTube and Spotify. Researchers studying online platforms may explore topics such as user behavior, platform design and functionality, privacy and security concerns, and the impact of these platforms on society and culture. By understanding how online platforms work and their effects on individuals and society, researchers can help improve the design and regulation of these digital spaces.